Academician Evgeny Antonovich Wagner — surgeon, scientist, organizer (to the 100th anniversary of the birthday)
DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2018-15-4-641-647
V.A. Chereshnev, O.I. Nechaev
Perm State Medical University named after Academician E.A. Wagner, Perm, Russian Federation;
Institute of Immunology and Physiology Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation;
National Medical Research Center of Surgery A.Vishnevsky, Moscow, Russian Federation
Abstract: Annotation: Evgeny Antonovich Wagner is a major Soviet and Russian scientist, surgeon, organizer of higher medical education and public health. In 1956, he defended his thesis, in which he postulated the need for active surgical tactics in trauma to the breast. In the defense of the doctoral dissertation defended in 1965, the main ideas of the scientific school were laid: a group of victims with a «severe closed chest trauma» was identified, attention was drawn to the combined trauma, the first results of blood reinfusion were obtained, the need for creating a pathophysiological experiment methodology, application of instrumental diagnostic methods. The scientific school of E.A. Wagner achieved in the period 1971-97, when he was in charge of the Department of Hospital Surgery. The study of the trauma of the breast in the pathophysiological, clinical and organizational aspects was continued. In the Perm regional hospital, the first in the Soviet Union department of combined trauma was created. In pathophysiological studies, the periodization of the respiratory distress syndrome was revealed in accordance with the theory of stress G. Selye. The central course of the scientific school contributed to the training of human resources and material resources for research in vascular surgery, tuberculosis surgery and biliary tract surgery. In the direction of vascular surgery, the advantages of simultaneous correction of blood flow in different anatomical and functional pools with multiple lesions in diseases of the aorta and main arteries were proved. Creation of a cardiosurgical direction was founded. Based on the pathogenetic classification, an algorithm for the differential diagnosis of jaundice was proposed. The concept of pathogenesis of cholelithiasis was developed on the basis of comparison of clinical data with disorders of bile composition, biochemical shifts in blood serum, morphological changes in the liver and bile ducts, and the composition of gallstones. The indications for surgical treatment of tuberculosis and massive specific therapy for infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis were expanded. The generalization of materials for the treatment of patients with tuberculosis in the institutions of the penitentiary system made it possible to recommend active surgical tactics supplemented with intensive preoperative therapy and complex correction of disorders of the body's defense factors. From 1970 to 1995. E.A. Wagner headed the Perm Medical Institute (academy), became the first elected rector of the university. With the name of the rector Academician EA. The opening of the Pediatric Faculty, the Faculty of Advanced Medical Education, the Faculty of Higher Nursing Education (1995), the Department of Therapy of the HFU, the Department of Social Hygiene and Health Organization of the HFU, and the Perm Medical Institute in the city of Kirov are connected with Wagner. Along with the surgical and organizational direction of activity, Evgeniy Antonovich Wagner dealt with questions of medical ethics and deontology.
Keywords: E.A. Wagner, science school, breast trauma, combined trauma, heart and vascular surgery, tuberculosis surgery, biliary tract surgery
Received 06.08.2018
For citation:
Chereshnev V.A.,Nechaev O.I. Academician Evgeny Antonovich Wagner — surgeon, scientist, organizer (to the 100th anniversary of the birthday). Vestn. Ural. Med. Akad. Nauki. = Journal of Ural Medical Academic Science. 2018, Vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 641–647. DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2018-15-4-641-647 (In Russ)
REFERENCES
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Authors
Valeriy A. Chereshnev
Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Chief Research Associate, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of RAS
Russian Federation, 620049, Yekaterinburg, Pervomayskaya str., 106
mchereshneva@mail.ru
Oleg I. Nechaev
National Medical Research Center of Surgery. A.Vishnevsky
Leading Specialist
Russian Federation, 614990, Permskiy kray, g. Perm', Komsomol'skiy prospekt, 29
smernesh@gmail.com
