DYNAMICS OF SARS-COV-2 SEROPREVALENCE AND POSITIVE PCR TESTS FOR COVID-19 AMONG RESIDENTS OF THE CITY OF CHELYABINSK DURING THE PANDEMIC
DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2023-20-4-152-161
I.S. Kritsky, A.V. Zurochka, V.A. Zurochka, M.A. Dobrynina, A.P. Sarapultsev
Federal State Budgetary Institution «Institute of Immunology and Physiology» Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Abstract. Introduction. Studying the characteristics of the spread of SARS-CoV-2 during a pandemic and assessing various methods for diagnosing the virus can help predict the dynamics of potential epidemics of respiratory infections. Materials and methods. There were 40,924 PCR analysis results, 4,132 IgM ELISA results, and 6,115 IgG results. Purpose The study is devoted to studying the dynamics of seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and positive PCR tests for COVID-19 in residents of the city of Chelyabinsk during 3 years of the pandemic. Results and discussion It was found that the proportion of seropositive patients (27.42% and 57.78% for IgM and IgG, respectively) was significantly higher than the proportion of PCR-positive tests (5.83%) throughout the study, which may indicate a large number asymptomatic infected people in the sample. The most obvious differences were observed after the start of vaccination in the regions of Russia between the percentage of IgG-positive tests (73.12%) and the percentage of PCR-positive tests for COVID-19 (4.59%). The distribution of positive test results for all diagnostic methods used had a wave pattern throughout the entire study period. The increase in the number of all positive tests was determined at the beginning of the study and in April 2021, after the emergence of the Delta variant of coronavirus in Russia. A positive relationship was established between seroprevalence and female gender (percentage of seropositive tests 28.47% and 61.66% in women, 26.67% and 54.47% in men for IgM and IgG, respectively). The mean age of study participants with a positive result of any of the tests performed (38.86±15.18 for PCR, 43.65±12.93 for IgM, 43.67±13.2 for IgG) was significantly higher than the mean age of study participants with a negative test for COVID-19 (34.26±16.66 for PCR, 40.6±12.55 for IgM, 40.42±12.01 for IgG). Conclusions Studying the prevalence of COVID-19 using various diagnostic methods may be of practical importance for assessing the dynamics of the spread of respiratory infections and the formation of collective immunity.
Keywords: COVID-19, serology, PCR, prevalence
There is no conflict of interest.
Contact details of the corresponding author:
Igor S. Kritsky
igor81218@gmail.com
Received 17.07.2023
For citation:
Kritsky I.S., Zurochka A.V., Zurochka V.A., Dobrynina M.A., Sarapultsev A.P. Dynamics of SARS-COV-2 seroprevalence and positive PCR tests for COVID-19 among residents of the city of Chelyabinsk during the pandemic [Online] Vestn. Ural. Med. Akad. Nauki. = Journal of Ural Medical Academic Science. 2023, Vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 152–161. DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2023-20-4-152-161 (In Russ)
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Authors
Igor S. Kritsky
Postgraduate student
igor81218@gmail.com
Alexander V. Zurochka
Honored Worker of Science of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Medical Sciences, professor, leading researcher at the laboratory of immunopathophysiology
av_zurochka@mail.ru
Vladimir A. Zurochka
Doctor of Medical Sciences, senior researcher at the laboratory of immunopathophysiology v_zurochka@mail.ru
Maria A. Dobrynina
Candidate of Medical Sciences, Researcher at the Laboratory of Immunopathophysiology
mzurochka@mail.ru
Aleksey P. Sarapultsev
Doctor of Biological Sciences, leading researcher, head of the laboratory of immunopathophysiology
a.sarapultsev@gmail.com
Federal State Budgetary Institution «Institute of Immunology and Physiology» Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation, Yekaterinburg