EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIDIABETIC EFFECTS OF A COLLOID NANOSIZED SELENIUM SOLUTION

I.F. Gette¹, M.A. Fedotov³, T.R. Sultanova¹, E.S. Beda², G.D. Savchenko²

DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2022-19-3-193-202

¹ Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation;
² Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin,
Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation;
³ A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation

Abstract. Oxidative stress resulting from an imbalance of free radical oxidation (FRO) and antioxidant defense (AOD) is one of the main pathogenetic processes underlying the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and its complications. The purpose of the study was to reveal the ability of a colloidal nanosized selenium solution to correct the indices of FRO and AOD in rats when modeling alloxan DM1. Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out on male Wistar rats divided into groups: intact, control (healthy rats treated with selenium); DM1; DM1 treated with selenium. DM1 was simulated by intraperitoneal injection of an alloxan solution at a dose of 170 mg/kg. A solution of selenium was administered intragastrically to diabetic and control rats at a dose of 46.7 μg/kg three times a week (12 injections). A colloidal solution of nanosized selenium was obtained by laser ablation using radiation of two wavelengths. In blood plasma were determined: the content of glucose, urea, creatinine, total protein, reduced glutathione, and malondialdehyde; activity of aminotransferases (AST, ALT), α-amylase, alkaline phosphatase; in whole blood — the content of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c); in hemolysate of erythrocytes — the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase. Results and discussion. Modeling of alloxan diabetes mellitus is accompanied by the development of hyperglycemia and changes in biochemical parameters indicating damage to liver cells (ALT), kidneys (urea, creatinine), myocardium (AST), and the development of oxidative stress (accumulation of malondialdehyde), partially compensated by SOD activation. The antidiabetic effect of selenium solution is manifested in the correction of glucose and HbA1c levels, liver and kidney profile indicators. The antioxidant effect of selenium is manifested in the normalization of the level of malondialdehyde and in reducing the need for reduced glutathione. The administration of selenium to healthy animals is accompanied by an increase in indicators reflecting the stressful effect of intragastric administration procedures (glucose, SOD) and, possibly, the toxic effect of selenium nanoparticles, which requires a more detailed study. Conclusion. A colloidal solution of nanosized selenium, obtained by an original method, had an antioxidant and antidiabetic effect on rats with type 1 alloxan diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: selenium, nanoparticles, oxidative stress, antioxidant defense, diabetes mellitus, pancreatic islets

There is no conflict of interest.
Contact details of the corresponding author:
Irina F. Gette
i.goette@yandex.ru
Received 31.05.2022
For citation:
Gette I.F., Fedotov M.A., Sultanova T.R., Beda E.S., Savchenko G.D. Experimental study of the antioxidant and antidiabetic effects of a colloid nanosized selenium solution. Vestn. Ural. Med. Akad. Nauki. = Journal of Ural Medical Academic Science. 2022, Vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 193–202. DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2022-19-3-193-202 (In Russ)

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Authors:
Irina F. Gette
Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences
PhD, Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher in Laboratory of Morphology and Biochemistry
106 Pervomajskaya st. Yekaterinburg Russian Federation 620049
i.goette@yandex.ru

Mikhail A. Fedotov
A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences
PhD, Technical Sciences, Junior Researcher in Laboratory of New Metallurgical Processes and Alloys (No. 24)
49 Leninsky prospect Moscow Russian Federation 119334
mikle_fed@mail.ru

Tatyana R. Sultanova
Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences
Junior Researcher
106 Pervomajskaya st. Yekaterinburg Russian Federation 620049
Tatiana.Sultanova.97@yandex.ru

Elizaveta S. Beda
Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin
Master student of the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics
19 Mira st. Yekaterinburg Russian Federation, 620002
liza85427@gmail.com

Savchenko Gleb D.
Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin
Master student of the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics
19 Mira st. Yekaterinburg Russian Federation, 620002
dlgousg@gmail.com

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)