CHARACTERISTICS OF INNATE IMMUNITY CELLS AFTER DISEASES CAUSED BY THE SARS-CoV-2 VIRUS
DOI:10.22138/2500-0918-2024-21-1-40-49
N.G. Plekhova, E.V. Prosekova, T.A. Sitdikova,
A.A. Dubiy, A.O. Mikhailov
Pacific State Medical University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
Abstract.
The inflammation and dysfunction of the immune response during COVID-19 infection develops due to the reaction of innate immune cells to the introduction of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The expression of receptors on these cells reflects the degree of their activation and makes it possible to assess the intensity of inflammation. The purpose of the study: to present the structural and functional characteristics of the innate immunity cells of patients after a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Materials and methods. The contingent of the study included 60 people, of which: 47 had had a coronavirus infection COVID-19 (confirmed by PCR) in the 12 weeks preceding the study, and 13 had no history of it. The specific gravity and absolute content of neutrophils (CD11b⁺, CD16⁺, CD18⁺) and monocytes (CD14⁺CD16ˉ, CD14ˉCD16⁺, CD11b⁺, CD18⁺) in the blood of patients were determined. Results. In persons who have undergone COVID-19, compared with those who have not been ill, a significantly lower number of classical (CD14ˉCD16⁺) and, on the contrary, a high number of non-classical (CD14⁺CD16ˉ) monocyte populations (p<0.05) were determined. Also, in these patients, a high proportion of monocytes carrying the adhesion receptors CD11b and CD18 (p<0.01) and a high content of neutrophils expressing the adhesion receptor CD11b⁺ and CD16⁺ (p<0.05) was noted. Conclusions: The results of the expression various types’ receptors study on monocytes and neutrophils illustrated the long-term preservation of aberrant structural and functional characteristics of innate immunity cells in individuals who underwent COVID-19.
Keywords:
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 virus, innate immune cells, monocytes, neutrophils
There is no conflict of interest.
Contact details of the corresponding author:
Natalya G. Plekhova
pl_nat@hotmail.com
Received 21.07.2023
For citation:
Plekhova N.G., Prosekova E.V., Sitdikova T.A., Dubiy A.A., Mikhailov A.O. Characteristics of innate immunity cells after diseases caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. [Online] Vestn. Ural. Med. Akad. Nauki. = Journal of Ural Medical Academic Science. 2024, Vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 40–49. DOI:10.22138/2500-0918-2024-21-1-40-49 (In Russ)
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Authors
Natalya G. Plekhova
Head of the Central Research Laboratory of the Pacific State Medical University
pl_nat@hotmail.com
Dr Biol. Sc., Associate Professor
ORCID: 0000-0002-8701-7213
Eelna V. Prosekova
Head of the Department of Clinical and Laboratory Diagnostics, General and Clinical Immunology of the Pacific State Medical University
Dr. Med. Sc., Professor
ORCID: 0000-0001-6632-9800
Tatyana A. Sitdikova
Assistant of the Department of Clinical and Laboratory Diagnostics, General and Clinical Immunology of the Pacific State Medical University
Ph.D. Med. Sc.
Aleksey A. Dubiy
Resident of the Department of Clinical and Laboratory Diagnostics, General and Clinical Immunology of the Pacific State Medical University
Alexander O. Mikhailov
Associate Professor of the Department of Infectious Diseases, of the Pacific State Medical University
Ph.D. Med. Sc.
ORCID: 0000-0002-2719-3629
Pacific State Medical University
Vladivostok, Russian Federation