Immune Reactions in Northern People with Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract
DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2018-15-2-278-284
E.A. Menshikova, V.A. Staborov
Institute of Physiology of Natural Adaptations of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science of the Federal Research Center for the Complex Study of the Arctic named after Academician N. P. Laverov of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation
Abstract. The functioning of the immune system is closely related to the activity of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), including its hormonal functions. Tolerance to food antigens is provided by a mucous barrier of the mucin type, containing glycoproteins and immunoglobulins of class A (IgA), as well as the activity of the immune background. Violation of tolerance to food antigens is possible with insufficient activity of one of these digestive functions. The aim of the study was to reveal the effect of the content of immune parameters and mediators of digestion in chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in the inhabitants of the North. Materials and methods. 242 persons of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Nelmin-Nos, Revda village) and 264 people of Arkhangelsk were examined. The examination included the study of the immunogram, the phenotypes of lymphocytes, the content of digestive mediators in the blood, the microflora of the large intestine. The concentrations of serum immunoglobulins of classes A, M, G, E, cytokines, oncofetal antigens — CA19-9, CA72-4, CEA, gastroenterological parameters with the help of enzyme immunoassay were also studied. A medical examination and questionnaire were conducted on specially developed questions. Results. The study found that systemic immune responses are most pronounced in cases of nonspecific colitis and chronic pancreatitis. In case of nonspecific colitis, there was a deficiency of T-helpers and mature T-cells in the blood on the background of lymphoproliferation, elevated levels of reactants, IL-6 and glycoproteins of intestinal mucus. Pancreatitis is associated with cell-mediated reactions in combination with a reactive defense mechanism. Tolerance to food antigens is disrupted with increasing concentrations of proinflammatory cytokine IL-6, IgE and IgA deficiency in the blood. Сonclusion. Gastrointestinal diseases are accompanied by systemic and local immune reactions, the levels of which are higher for chronic pancreatitis and colitis.
Keywords: immune reactions, tolerance to antigens, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, digestive mediators, mucin-type glycoproteins, inhabitants of the North
Received 09.04.2018
For citation:
Menshikova E.A., Staborov V.A. Immune Reactions in Northern People with Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Vestn. Ural. Med. Akad. Nauki. = Journal of Ural Medical Academic Science. 2018, Vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 278–284. DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2018-15-2-278-284 (In Russ)
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Аuthors
Elena A. Menshikova
Сand.Sci.(Biol.), Senior researcher, Laboratory of Regulatory Mechanisms of Immunity
vecaup24@yandex.ru
Vyacheslav A. Staborov
Сand.Sci.(Biol.), Senior researcher, Laboratory of Ecological Immunology
schtaborov@mail.ru
Institute of Physiology of Natural Adaptations of the Federal Research Center for Complex Arctic Studies named after Academician N. P. Laverov of the RAS
Russian Federation, 163000, Arhangelsk, Lomonosova av., 249
