QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION OF GASTROINTESTINAL MICROBIOTA OF RATS WITH SULFUR MUSTARD INTOXICATION
DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2025-22-1-61-72
S.P. Sidorov¹, K.G. Kosyakova², A.I. Shiryaeva¹, S.V. Chepur¹, D.M. Kuftyrev², V.V. Zhukova², A.A. Sergeev¹, A.A. Kuz`min¹
¹ State Scientific Test Research Institute of Military Medicine, Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation;
² North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov,
Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Abstract. Introduction. The formation of intestinal insufficiency syndrome has been shown earlier in the study of the resorptive action of sulfur mustard (SM). It is obvious that at pronounced motor-evacuation, secretory-absorption and digestive dysfunctions of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) the habitats of the microbiota that inhabit it are changing significantly and the prerequisites for the formation of dysbiosis are being created. However, there are no clinical and experimental data in the scientific literature relating to microbiological research of GIT in the case of SM intoxication. Aim of the study: to examine the qualitative and quantitative composition of gastrointestinal microbiota in rats with SM intoxication. Materials and methods. The experiments were performed on male Wistar rats, which were assigned to a control group (intact rats) and an experimental group. Animals of the experimental group were given intramuscular SM at a dose of 1.0 LD50 (4.0 mg/kg), and biological material was taken after 3 days (at the peak of intoxication). All the animals were examined for mucosal bioptates in three departments of the GIT (stomach, jejunum and cecum), as well as in the cecal intraluminal contents. Identification of microorganisms were carried out using standard bacteriological methods. Results. Analysis of the results of the study shows that exposure to SM causes serious disturbances in the microecological balance in the GIT. This is confirmed by a decrease in the amount of normal microflora (Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp.) in the stomach, jejunum and cecum. In addition, there is an excessive growth of opportunistic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp. and Candida spp. in the parietal mucin of the GIT of rats exposed to SM. Conclusion. Revealed homeostasis disorders under the conditions of immunosuppression and compromise of the enterogematic barrier can cause impairment of vital functions of the host organism and can be significant pathogenic and thanatogenic mechanisms of SM intoxication. In this regard, pharmacological correction of microecological disorders of GIT should be considered a prospective direction of pathogenetic therapy of intoxication caused by resorptive action of SM.
Keywords: sulfur mustard, acute resorptive effect, gastrointestinal tract, microbiota, dysbiosis, intestinal insufficiency syndrome, bacterial translocation, immunosuppression
There is no conflict of interest.
Contact details of the corresponding author:
Sergey P. Sidorov
sidorovsp@gmail.com
Received: 07.10.2024
For citation: Sidorov S.P., Kosyakova K.G., Shiryaeva A.I., Chepur S.V., Kuftyrev D.M., Zhukova V.V., Sergeev A.A., Kuz`min A.A. Qualitative and quantitative composition of gastrointestinal microbiota of rats with sulfur mustard intoxication. [Online] Vestn. Ural. Med. Akad. Nauki. = Journal of Ural Medical Academic Science. 2025, Vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 61–72. DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2025-22-1-61-72 (In Russ)
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Authors
Sergey P. Sidorov
State Scientific Test Research Institute of Military Medicine, Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
Candidate of medical science, head of research department
Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
sidorovsp@gmail.com
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1614-6023
Karina G. Kosyakova
I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University
Candidate of medical science, Associate Professor of the Department Medical Microbiology
Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Karina.Kosyakova@szgmu.ru
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9900-5332
Alyona I. Shiryaeva
State Scientific Test Research Institute of Military Medicine, Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
Research assistant of research department
Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
ale.shiryaeva@gmail.com
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9486-7937
Sergey V. Chepur
State Scientific Test Research Institute of Military Medicine, Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
Doctor of Medical Science, professor director
Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
gniiivm_2@mil.ru
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5324-512X
Danila M. Kuftyrev
I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University
Resident of the Department of Medical Microbiology
Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Karina.Kosyakova@szgmu.ru
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6751-9697
Valentina V. Zhukova
I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University
Resident of the Department of Medical Microbiology
Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Karina.Kosyakova@szgmu.ru
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1254-8742
Anatoly A. Sergeev
State Scientific Test Research Institute of Military Medicine
Candidate of biological science, senior research scientist of research department
Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
gniiivm_2@mil.ru
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9782-7589
Andrey A. Kuzmin
State Scientific Test Research Institute of Military Medicine
Doctor of Medical Science, senior research scientist of research department
Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
gniiivm_2@mil.ru
https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2899-1613