CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HIV INFECTION IN CHILDREN IN THE SVERDLOVSK REGION
DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2025-22-2-133-143
M.M. Volynskaya, E.O. Gordon, A.S. Podymova
State Аutonomous Healthcare Institution of Sverdlovsk Region
«Sverdlovsk Regional Center for the Prevention and Control of AIDS»,
Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Abstract. We seek to identify the characteristics of clinical and epidemiological data in children aged 0-17 years with a first-time diagnosis of HIV infection in the Sverdlovsk Region. Materials and Methods. The study was retrospective and included 374 patients aged 0-17 years with a first-time diagnosis of HIV infection in the Sverdlovsk Region from 2018 to 2024. The study assessed the incidence of HIV infection in the following age groups of children: 0-9 years old, 10-14 years old, 15-17 years old. The number of undetected HIV-infected patients aged 10-17 years was calculated in accordance with the guidelines “Formation of a system of estimated data of HIV infection spread in the Russian Federation”. Results and their discussion. The maximum annual incidence occurs among adolescents aged 15-17 years, while the incidence decreases only in people aged 0-9 years (p<0.05). The estimated number of undetected cases of HIV infection among adolescents 10-17 years in 2024 was 165 people. The perinatal transmission route is dominant in children aged 0-9 years (94.4%) and 10-14 years (60.7%). The main HIV transmission route among adolescents aged 15-17 years is sexual (81.1%). Severe immunodeficiency was detected in 43% of children with perinatal transmission route, without linkage to treatment due to perinatal contact with an HIV-infected mother, tested for clinical, epidemiological and other reasons, which indicates a late diagnosis of HIV infection. Conclusions. Adolescents aged 15-17 years should be tested for HIV infection similarly to the adult population, i.e. when they seek outpatient and inpatient medical care. Doctors of various specialties should be alert and carry out HIV testing in all cases when it cannot be excluded.
Keywords: HIV infection, children, incidence, late diagnosis
There is no conflict of interest.
Contact information of the author responsible for correspondence:
Maria M. Volynskaya
vmm.66@mail.ru
Received 11.04.2025
For citation:
Volynskaya M.M., Gordon E.O., Podymova A.S. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of HIV-infection in children in the Sverdlovsk region. [Online] Vestn. Ural. Med. Akad. Nauki. = Journal of Ural Medical Academic Science. 2025, Vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 133–143. DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2025-22-2-133-143 (In Russ)
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Authors
Maria M. Volynskaya
Sverdlovsk Regional Centre for AIDS Prevention and Control
Infectious Disease Doctor
vmm.66@mail.ru
ORCID 0009-0004-0871-7628
Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Evgenia O. Gordon
Sverdlovsk Regional Centre for AIDS Prevention and Control
Candidate of Medical Sciences
gordonevgeniya@mail.ru
ORCID 0000-0002-4174-9144
Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
Anzhelika S. Podymova
Sverdlovsk Regional Centre for AIDS Prevention and Control
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Chief Doctor
apodymova@list.ru
ORCID 0000-0001-7345-0801
Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation