MANIFESTATION OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY COMPONENTS IN METABOLIC SYNDROME USING THE EXAMPLE OF CHANGES IN THE PROINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF MONOCYTES/MACROPHAGES IN AN EXPERIMENTAL CELL MODEL
DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2025-22-3-233-246
V.V. Malashchenko, O.G. Khaziakhmatova, K.A. Yurova, M.M. Bograya,
N.D. Gazatova, M.A. Vulf, N.M. Todosenko, O.B. Melashchenko,
M.A. Beletskaya, L.S. Litvinova
Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
Abstract. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is one of the most common and socially significant problems of the 21st century. Its progression contributes to the onset and development of a number of serious comorbidities, such as insulin resistance/diabetes mellitus, liver and kidney damage, cardiovascular pathologies. Such a broad profile of comorbidities is due to the development of systemic chronic inflammation. The most important cells involved in this process are tissue-resident macrophages. We hypothesise that the negative effects of proinflammatory factors in MS in general may also affect the monocyte-macrophage component of the immune system. The aim of the study is to identify differences in monocyte/macrophage activity in individuals with MS compared to conditionally healthy donors. Materials and methods. Monocyte/macrophage cultures obtained from the whole blood of individuals with MS using the immunomagnetic separation method were used for the study. An experimental in vitro model was developed to determine the sensitivity of immune cells to a proinflammatory stimulus (LPS) as assessed by the production of the cytokines MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 by the cells. Results and conclusions. A decrease in the activity of peripheral blood monocytes is observed in MS; they show a decreased basal secretion of cytokines, which may indicate a suppression of their cytokine-producing activity due to a high concentration of proinflammatory factors in the circulation in MS. For IL-6 and IL-10, but not for other cytokines studied, an additional increase in LPS-induced secretion by monocytes in MS patients was demonstrated, which could be a consequence of both the «enrichment» of the monocyte subpopulation in the peripheral blood with «intermediate» and «non-classical» monocytes and the potential suppressor activity of IL-6. The correct formation of target groups plays an important role in the in vitro investigation of monocyte/macrophage activity in patients with MS. In particular, grouping MS patients by obesity level (BMI) could be more informative than the option based on grouping data by MS components.
Keywords: metabolic syndrome, chronic inflammation, monocytes, macrophages, proinflammatory cytokines, Body Mass Index (BMI)
There is no conflict of interest.
Contact information of the author responsible for correspondence:
Larisa S. Litvinova
larisalitvinova@yandex.ru
Recieved 24.04.2025
For citation: Malashchenko V.V., Khaziakhmatova O.G., Yurova K.A., Bograya M.M., Gazatova N.D., Vulf M.A., Todosenko N.M., Melashchenko O.B., Beletskaya M.A., Litvinova L.S. Manifestation of chronic inflammatory components in metabolic syndrome using the example of changes in the proinflammatory activity of monocytes/macrophages in an experimental cell model. [Online] Vestn. Ural. Med. Akad. Nauki. = Journal of Ural Medical Academic Science. 2025, Vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 233–246. DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2025-22-3-233-246 (In Russ)
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Authors
Vladimir V. Malashchenko
Ph.D., Researcher
vlmalashchenko@kantiana.ru
Olga G. Khaziakhmatova
Ph.D., Researcher
okhaziakhmatova@kantiana.ru
Kristina A. Yurova
Ph.D. Researcher
kristina_kofanova@mail.ru
Maria M. Bograya
Junior scientist
mbograya@mail.ru
Natalia D. Gazatova
Ph.D., head laboratory of experimental studies of blood products
n_gazatova@mail.ru
Maria A. Vulf
Ph.D., Researcher
mary-jean@yandex.ru
Natalia M. Todosenko
Ph.D. Researcher
tod_89@mail.ru
Olga B. Melashchenko
Researcher
OMelashchenko@kantiana.ru
Maria A. Beletskaya
graduate student
mariyabel@bk.ru
Larisa S. Litvinova
Doctor of Medical Science, Head
larisalitvinova@yandex.ru
Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University (IKBFU)
Kaliningrad, Russian Federation