Retrospective Analysis of Cancer Mortality Rate of Child Population at the Territories of Chelyabinsk Region Exposed to Accidents at Production Association «Mayak»

DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2017-14-2-209-219

L.G. Konshina, L.L. Lipanova

Institute of Industrial Ecology of Urals Department of Russian Academy of Science, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation;
Urals State Medical University, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation

Abstract. Radioactive pollution of the territory of Chelyabinsk district is significantly determined by accidents that happened at the largest nuclear industry enterprise — Production Association “Mayak”. The purpose — to study for the 50-year period levels of oncological mortality of the children's population on it is most radioactive polluted territories of Chelyabinsk region, to analyse ages mortality. Materials and methods. We conducted a selective retrospective epidemiologic study of mortality rate of childrens population residing of five districts: Argayashsky, Kaslinsky, Krasnoarmeysky, Kunashaksky, Sosnovsky, and two cities — Kasli and Kyshtym. Source of information about the cases of death were the official death records provided by the Office of Vital Records of Chelyabinsk region for the time period of 1947–1996. As a whole about 19.5 thousand death records were handled. In dynamics the oncologic mortality in the following age groups of children is studied: 0–4, 5–9, 10–14 years. Results. It is established larger excess of a death toll from malignant neoplasms of boys over girls in the explored cities and districts, in comparison with control and published data in literature, that is typical for the impact of adverse factors. In the contaminated area cancer mortality of boys could achieve 20.0–22.0 on 100 thousand. The mortality of girls was slightly lower. In the age group 0-4, both sexes, indicators sometimes reached to 19.0–25.0; in the age group 5–9 years — up to 20.0–21.0 per 100 thousand children's population. The highest mortality was registered at the beginning of the 50th and in the mid 70-ies. The detected increase in cancer mortality of the exposed population offspring. Conclusions. Levels of mortality from malignant tumors among boys and girls in the contaminated areas in some periods is significantly higher, than in controls. The highest oncologic mortality is established among children of city Kasli and the Kaslinsky district, to a lesser extent, the increase in mortality was observed in Kyshtym, Argayash and Krasnoarmeisky districts.

Кeywords: mortality, children, cancer, Production Association “Mayak”, East Urals Radioactive Trace (EURT), Techa River

Received 23.01.2017

For citation:
Konshina L.G., Lipanova L.L. Retrospective analysis of cancer mortality rate of child population at the territories of Chelyabinsk region exposed to accidents at production association «Mayak». Vestn. Ural. Med. Akad. Nauki = Jour. Ural Med. Acad. Science. 2017, no. 2, pp. 209-219. DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2017-14-2-209-219

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Authors
Lidija G. Kon'shina
Institute of Industrial Ecology of Urals Department of Russian Academy of Science
Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Research Assistant
S. Kovalevskoy Str. 20 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation 620219
lida@ecko.uran.ru

Liudmila L. Lipanova
Urals State Medical University
Department of Hygiene and Ecologi
Cand. Sci. (Med.), Docent
Repina Str. 3 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation 620028
ludalipan@mail.ru

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