Variants of autonomous nervous regulation of heart rhythm in young people during short-term whole-body cold air exposure

DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2019-16-2-140-146

E.V. Krivonogova, D.B. Demin, O.V. Krivonogova, L.V. Poskotinova

N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, RAS; Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation

Abstract. The aim was to identify the variants of the autonomic nervous system reactions according to heart rate variability (HRV) at short-term whole-body air exposure in young healthy people 18-21 years. Methods. 15 practically healthy men aged 18–21 in Arkhangelsk were surveyed during the winter period (January-February). The stages of the study included stage 1 (baseline), in the cold air chamber at -20°C for 10 min (stage 2), immediately after cold air exposure to (stage 3) and 10 minutes after this exposure (stage 4); people were at rest in a sitting position. HRV, blood pressure, body temperature (skin of the hands and ear canal) using an infrared thermometer were recorded. Results. According to the results of statistical clustering, two variants of autonomic nervous system reaction were distinguished by the HRV frequency indices (HF, LF, VLF, %) against the background of a significant decrease in body temperature during cold air exposure. Individuals with the first variant differed statistically in large values of the HF index at all stages of the study compared with individuals with the second variant of the reaction. During cold exposure they had an increased diastolic blood pressure and increased vagal influences on the heart rhythm, and after 10 minutes after exposure to cold these parameters returned to the initial levels. Persons with the second variant of the reaction immediately and after 10 minutes after cold exposure had increase VLF index, reaching significant differences with individuals of the group with the first variant of reaction, against the background of minimal changes in blood pressure and other HRV parameters. Conclusion. In the first variant the autonomic nervous reaction during air cold whole-body exposure in young people 18-21 years increased the contribution of respiratory modulations to the heart rate and blood pressure (mainly diastolic), and returned to baseline values after cold exposure. In the second variant, the activity of the central, humoral-metabolic mechanisms of heart rhythm regulation is increased against the background of minimal changes in central hemodynamic parameters.

Keywords: young people, cold exposure, heart rate variability

Received 15.04.2019.

For citation:
Krivonogova E.V., Demin D.B., Krivonogova O.V., Poskotinova L.V. Variants of autonomous nervous regulation of heart rhythm in young people during short-term whole-body cold air exposure. Vestn. Ural. Med. Akad. Nauki. = Journal of Ural Medical Academic Science. 2019, Vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 140–146. DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2019-16-2-140-146 (In Russ)

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Authors
Elena V. Krivonogova
Сand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Research Officer
elena200280@mail.ru

Denis B. Demin
Dr. Sci. (Med.), Senior Research Officer
denisdemin@mail.ru

Olga V. Krivonogova
Cand. Sci. (Biology), Research Assistant
ja.olga1@gmail.com

Liliya V. Poskotinova
Dr. Sci. (Biology), Docent, Head of laboratory, Principal Research Scientist
liliya200572@mail.ru

N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, RAS
Lomonosov av. 249 Arkhangelsk Russian Federation 163000

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)