THE EFFECT OF 240-DAY ISOLATION IN A HERMETIC FACILITY WITH AN ARTIFICIAL HABITAT ON THE STATE OF THE HUMAN IMMUNE SYSTEM

DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2023-20-4-190-201

S.A. Ponomarev, M.P. Rykova, E.N. Antropova, O.V. Kutko,
K.D. Orlova, E.A. Zhirova, A.A. Sadova, D.D. Vlasova, S.M. Shulgina,
K.V. Utkin, V.A. Shmarov

State scientific center of the Russian Federation Institute of Biomedical Problems
of the Russian academy of sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation

Abstract. The object of the study were volunteer testers, participants of an eight-month isolation experiment in a hermetically sealed object of limited volume, reproducing the main characteristics of a promising interplanetary expedition. The purpose of this study was to study the processes occurring in the human immune system under conditions of being in 240-day isolation in a hermetic facility with an artificial habitat. During an 8-month isolation experiment, changes in the human immune system were revealed, including a decrease in the total number of NK and NKT cells, T helper cells and cytotoxic lymphocytes in peripheral blood, as well as inhibition of the ability of B lymphocytes to synthesize immunoglobulins in response to T-dependent and T-independent activation. Conclusions. 240-day isolation in a hermetic facility with an artificial habitat, in general, leads to a decrease in the content of various lymphocyte subpopulations in the peripheral blood. Staying in a hermetic object with an artificial habitat is accompanied by a decrease in the functional activity of B cells.

Keywords: cellular immunity, space flight, isolation experiment

There is no conflict of interest.
Contact details of the corresponding author:
Sergey A. Ponomarev
dr.grey@bk.ru
Received 10.08.2023
For citation:
Ponomarev S.A., Rykova M.P., Antropova E.N., Kutko O.V., Orlova K.D., Zhirova E.A., Sadova A.A., Vlasova D.D., Shulgina S.M., Utkin K.V., Shmarov V.A. The effect of 240-day isolation in a hermetic facility with an artificial habitat on the state of the human immune system [Online] Vestn. Ural. Med. Akad. Nauki. = Journal of Ural Medical Academic Science. 2023, Vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 190–201. DOI: 10.22138/2500-0918-2023-20-4-190-201 (In Russ)

REFERENCES
1. Sepiashvili R.I. Functional system of immune homeostasis, Allergology and immunopathology, 2003, T. 4, No. 2, P.5-14. (In Russ)
2. Yushkov B.G. Cells of the immune system and regulation of regeneration. Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 2017, 16 (4) 94-105 DOI: 10.20538/1682-0363-2017-4-94-105 (In Russ)
3. Petrov R.V., Khaitov R.M., Chereshnev V.A. Physiology of the immune system: cellular and molecular biological mechanisms. Bulletin of the Russian Fund for Basic Research, 2017, No. 1, P. 97. (In Russ)
4. 3. B.G. Yushkov, V.G. Klimin, A.E. Tkachenko, E.A. Dugina Structural homeostasis, M., Commentary 2019 -200 s (In Russ)
5. Gazenko O.G., Grigorev A.I., Egorov A.D. Human organism reaction on the space flight conditions // Physiological problems of the space flights/ under edition of O.G. Gazenko and I.I. Kasyan M. Medicine, 1990 p. 155-160. (In Russ)
6. Kuzichkin, D.S., Nichiporuk, I.A., Zhuravleva, O.A. et al Endothelial dysfunction markers and immune response indices in cosmonauts’ blood after long-duration space flights npj Microgravity, 2022, 8(1), 46 
7. Sonnenfeld G., Shearer W.T., Immune function during space flight // Nutrition. 2002. Vol.18. Р.899-903.
8. Morukov B.V., Rykova M.P., Antropova E.N. et al. Parameters of the innate and adaptive immunity in cosmonauts after long-term space flight on board the international space station. Human Physiology, 2010, 36(3) pp.264-273
9. Crucian B., Stowe R., Quiriarte H. et al. Monocyte phenotype and cytokine production profiles are dysregulated by short-duration spaceflight. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 2011 Sep;82(9):857-62.
10. Buravkova LB, Rykova MP, Grigorieva Vet al Cell interactions in microgravity: cytotoxic effects of natural killer cells in vitro // J Gravit Physiol. 2004 Jul;11(2):P177-80.
11. Crucian B, Simpson RJ, Mehta S et al Terrestrial stress analogs for spaceflight associated immune system dysregulation // Brain Behav Immun. 2014 Jul;39:23-32
12. Tomilovskaya E.S., Rukavishnikov I.V., Amirova L.E. et al 21-Day dry immersion: design and preliminary results. Aviakosmicheskaya i ecologicheskaya meditsina, Vol. 54 №4 p. 5
13. Morukov B. V., Rykova M. P., Antropova E. N., et al. Immunological aspects of a manned Martian flight. Human Physiology, 2013,N 2, S.19-30. (In Russ)
14. Crucian B, Stowe RP, Mehta S, et al Alterations in adaptive immunity persist during long-duration spaceflight. NPJ Microgravity, 2015, 1:15013.
15. Krieger SS, Zwart SR, Mehta S, Wu H, Simpson RJ, Smith SM, Crucian B. Alterations in Saliva and Plasma Cytokine Concentrations During Long-Duration Spaceflight // Front Immunol. 2021 Aug 24;12:725748.
16. Crucian B, Stowe RP, Mehta S et al Alterations in adaptive immunity persist during long-duration spaceflight. // NPJ Microgravity 2015 1:15013.
17. Gmunder FK, Konstantinova I, Cogoli A et al Cellular immunity in cosmonauts during long duration spaceflight on board the orbital MIR station. // Aviat Space Environ Med 1994 65:419–423.
18. Tuschl H., Weber E., Kovac R., et al I. Investigations of immune parameters in a cosmonaut after a long-duration flight // Aviat Space Environ Med. 1997. V.68. №6. P.552-557.

Authors
Sergey A. Ponomarev
Leading Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Physiology of the Immune System, PhD, MD
dr.grey@bk.ru

Marina P. Rykova
Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Physiology of the Immune System, D.Sci, MD
rykovamarina@yandex.ru

Evgenia N. Antropova
Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Physiology of the Immune System, PhD
evgenantr@yandex.ru

Olga V. Kutko
Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Physiology of the Immune System
sovamsha@yandex.ru

Ksenia D. Orlova
Junior researcher at the Laboratory of Physiology of Human Immunity, doctor in aviation and space medicine.
unusual-ksu@yandex.ru

Elina A. Zhirova
Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Physiology of Human Immunity
elinazirova5@gmail.com

Anastasia A. Sadova
Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Physiology of Human Immunity
89652410866@mail.ru

Daria D. Vlasova
Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Physiology of Human Immunity
Dlokatosh@gmail.com

Sofia M. Shulgina
Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Physiology of Human Immunity
sofiya.kayunova@mail.ru

Konstantin V. Utkin
Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Physiology of Human Immunity, PhD, MD
ligands@yandex.ru

Shmarov Vyacheslav A.
Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Physiology of Human Immunity, PhD
shmarov.v.a@gmail.com

Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation-Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy
Russian Federation, Moscow